高考英语二轮九十天强化训练：阅读理解72

　　阅读理解-----------B篇

　　The Queen’s English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queen’s Christmas broadcasts had found. Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received.

　　Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germany’s University of Munich, wanted to discover whether accent (口音) changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. “As far as I know, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,” he said.

　　He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years. “Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these are very, very small and slow changes that we don’t notice from year to year.”

　　“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,” he told The Daily Telegraph, a British newspaper. “In 1952 she would have been heard saying ‘thet men in the bleck het’. Now it would be ‘that man in the black hat’. And ‘hame’ rather than ‘home’. In the 1950s she would have been ‘lorst’, but by the 1970s ‘lost’.”

　　The Queen抯 broadcast is a petrsonal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch. (传统火鸡午餐).

　　The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.

　　50. The Queen抯 broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because ______.

　　牋?A. she has beenve

　　Queen for many years

　　牋?B. she has a less upper-class accent now

　　牋?C. her speeches are familiar to many people

　　牋?D. her speeches have been recorded for 50 years

　　51. Which of the following is an example of a less noble accent in English?

　　牋 A. 揹uaty?has been牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 B. 揷itee敔牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋 C. 揾ame敔牋牋牋 D. 搇orst?52. We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on _________.

　　牋牋 A. speech sounds牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋?B. Christmas customs

　　燙. TV broadcastiess noble accent in English?

　　牋 A. 揹uaty?hasng牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋?牋牋?D. personal messages

　　53. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. The relationship between accents and social classes.

　　B. The Queen抯 Christmas speeches on TV.

　　C. The changes in a person抯 accent.

　　D. The recent development of thish?

　　牋 A. 揹uaty?he English language.

　　参考答案50--53 DBAC

　　阅读理解A篇

　　An ape has a larger brain than any animal except man, though it is much smaller than a man’s brain. Apes all belong to the hot countries of the world—tropical Africa and South—east Asia.

　　??? The gorilla is the largest of the apes. He is as tall as six feet when standing upright. Many people think that gorillas are very fierce. They are often described as standing upright like a man, beating their fists and roaring. In their home, in the forests of Central Africa, however, they are not at all like this, They are peaceful animals and never use their great strength unless attacked. Even then, they retreat if they can.

　　??? Gorillas have black faces and long, black, hairy coats. They feed during the day on plants and fruit. At night the old male often sleeps on the ground at the foot of a tree, while the others each make a sleeping platform in the tree bending the leafy branches. Besides this, gorillas climb trees very seldom.

　　46. Apes live in ___________ .

　　?? A. different parts of the world ???????????? ?????? B. the cold countries

　　?? C. South America and Africa ????????????????????? D. the countries of Africa and south—east Asia

　　47. An ape’s brain is __________ .

　　?? A. as large as a man’s brain ?? ?????????????????????????????? ?B. a lot smaller than a man’s brain

　　?? C. larger than that of any other animal including man?? D. a lot larger than a man’s brain

　　48. A gorilla is about six feet tall when he? __________ .

　　?? A. stands on his legs ????? ???????????????????? B. stand on his arms

　　?? C. roars ?? ????????????????????????????????????????? D. uses his great strength

　　49. All gorillas live on ____________ .

　　?? A. vegetables??? ?????? B. leaves and grass ?????? C. plants and fruit? ????????????? D. rice

　　50. During the night gorilla usually sleep in trees except __________ .

　　?? A. the old female gorilla ?????? ???????????????????? B. the old male gorilla

　　?? C. the young gorillas up to six years old????? D. the baby gorillas

　　参考答案46---50、DBACB

　　【文章大意】本篇是篇应用文，是上海的一所学校上课的时间及培训的特点和服务方面的广告。

　　63. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. The courses are mainly for beginners of mandarin.

　　B. The courses are given on the Internet.

　　C. Applicants can only contact the consultant via email

　　D. We don’t know how much to pay for the courses.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】从这则广告里面Details的第二句话It offers beginner, intermediate and advanced courses, individual or group classes, corporate training, professional and friendly teachers, affordable prices as well as modern, convenient facilities located in the heart of Shanghai.

　　得知这所学校只说了无论是团体还是个人能够负担的起学费，但是没有具体说多少钱。

　　【考点定位】考察的是推理判断题

　　64. Which of the following services will have to be charged?

　　A. Wireless Internet access during the courses.

　　B. Beginner intensive courses of mandarin.

　　C. Consulting the information of the courses.

　　D. A trial lesson of the mandarin courses.

　　65. Which of the following cannot be found in the advertisement?

　　A. The time the advertisement was posted.

　　B. Teaching conditions provided,

　　C. Detailed address of the training center.

　　D. Ways for communication and consultation.

　　66. Where can you possibly find the above advertisement?

　　A. In a Chinese textbook.

　　B. On the Internet.

　　C. In a Shanghai TV program.

　　D. In an English newspaper.

　　Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.

　　One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States did the study. They had about 200 college students play a game known as the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group.

　　The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.

　　Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least.

　　And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The group with the most punishment earned 25% less than the group with the least punishment.

　　The other study involved children. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than 800 children were ages two to four the first time they were tested.

　　More than 700 children were ages five to nine.

　　The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.

　　The study says the IQs - or intelligence quotients - of the younger children who were not spanked（掴）were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.

　　Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.

　　67. Which of the following is True about the game mentioned in the first paragraph?

　　A. Prisoners are more interested in the first game than the university students.

　　B. The game is very popular with the students in Harvard University in the United States.

　　C. The game is played to test whether people are more cooperative on the basis of rewards.

　　D. The game is played in order to encourage the students to cooperate.

　　68. The underlined part in the third paragraph means the punisher will have to _______.

　　A. lose some of his money

　　B. lose some of the points

　　C. lose all the points of the group

　　D. gain the points of the punished

　　69. What does the result of the first experiment imply?

　　A. Rewards encourage better cooperation than punishments.

　　B. Individual interests are always a challenge to the group.

　　C. Four members will work better in one group.

　　D. The group that punished most gained nothing eventually.

　　【答案】A

　　70. What do we know about the second experiment in the passage?

　　A. The whole experiment, including two tests, lasted four years.

　　B. Physical punishment was employed only in the younger group.

　　C. Children in both groups have acquired same IQ development.

　　D. No physical punishment was used in the younger group.

　　阅读理解---------B篇

　　Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught in school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.

　　??? In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.

　　??? Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. ?Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.

　　?

　　51. Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?

　　?? A. She couldn’t get admitted to medical school

　　?? B. She decided to further her education in Paris

　　?? C. A serious eye problem stopped her

　　?? D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States

　　52. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?

　　?? A. She was a woman.

　　?? B. She wrote too many letters.

　　?? C. She couldn’t graduate from medical school.

　　?? D. She couldn’t set up her hospital.

　　53. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?

　　?? A. Eight years??? B. Ten years????? C. Nineteen years?????????? D. Thirty-six years

　　54. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell,except that she ______.

　　?? A. became the first woman physician

　　?? B. was the first woman doctor

　　?? C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children

　　?? D. set up the first medical school for women

　　55. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______.

　　?? A. England?????? B. Paris????? C. the United States????? D. New York City

　　参考答案

　　51--55

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