2024届高考英语一轮总复习精选测试题北师大版必修五Unit 13 B卷

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　　北师大版必修五Unit 13

　　B卷

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　(2024·南京金陵中学模拟)No matter where in the world the US President travels, if he travels by air, he flies on a plane called Air Force One. It is a well-known__1__of the United States, particularly the US presidency.

　　Air Force One, sometimes __2__as “the flying White House”， isn't __3__a plane. It's the radio call name for any US Air Force plane __4__the President of the United States. In practice, however, Air Force One is used to refer to one of two __5__customized Boeing 747－200B series aircraft. __6__of refueling in midair, Air Force One has __7__range and can carry the President wherever he needs to travel.

　　Inside, the President and his travel companions __8__4,000 square feet of floor space __9__three levels, including the President's onboard living quarters, with his own bedroom, bathroom, workout room and office space.

　　__10__Air Force One carries the President and some trips can be quite long, the plane has a number of special __11__， many of which are found on no commercial jetliner.

　　Meals are prepared in two fully-equipped galleys (厨房). A large amount of food is __12__in freezers in the lower sections of the plane. The two galleys can __13__100 people at a time, and the storage area holds as __14__as 2,000 meals.

　　The plane has a lot of technology in its onboard medical __15__. The medical room has an extensive pharmacy (配药室), loads of emergency room equipment and __16__an operating table. The plane also has a staff doctor, who travels with the President __17__he goes.

　　The onboard electronics are __18__to protect against electromagnetic pulse attacks, and Air Force One is equipped with advanced secure communications __19__， allowing the aircraft to function as a mobile command __20__in the event of an attack on the United States.

　　语篇解读：这是一篇说明文。号称“世界上最安全飞机”的美国总统专机“空军一号”对我们来说很神秘，那么它与普通飞机相比有什么特别之处呢？

　　1．A.symbol

　　B．signal

　　C．session

　　D．sense

　　解析：a symbol of the United States“美国的象征”。signal“信号，暗号”；session“一场，一节”；sense“感觉，意识”。

　　答案：A

　　2．A.applied to

　　B．turned to

　　C．referred to

　　D．pointed to

　　解析：“空军一号”有时被称为“飞行中的白宫”。refer to sth.“提到，谈到”，符合语意。apply to“应用于”；turn to“求助于”；point to“指向，暗示”。

　　答案：C

　　3．A.smoothly

　　B．basically

　　C．practically D．technically

　　解析：根据下一句“‘空军一号’是无线电呼叫名称”可知，严格来讲，“空军一号”不是一架飞机。technically“严格来讲”；smoothly“顺畅地，流利地”；basically“基本地”；practically“从实际出发”。

　　答案：D

　　4．A.fetching

　　B．carrying

　　C．searching D．removing

　　解析：“空军一号”是对运送美国总统的任何一架美国空军飞机的无线电呼叫名称。carry表示“运送，输送”。fetch“拿来”；search“搜索”；remove“移开”。

　　答案：B

　　5．A.generally

　　B．commonly

　　C．naturally

　　D．highly

　　解析：事实上，“空军一号”指的是两架高度定制的波音747－200B系列飞机中的一架。highly“高度地，高水平地”；generally“普通地，通常”；commonly“通常情况下”；naturally“自然而然地”。

　　答案：D

　　6．A.Careful

　　B．Capable

　　C．Aware

　　D．Proud

　　解析：此处是形容词短语作状语，相当于状语从句Because it is capable of refueling in midair，意为：由于在空中能够加油。be capable of“能够，有能力干”。

　　答案：B

　　7．A.unlimited

　　B．unexpected

　　C．unmanned

　　D．unauthorized解析：由于在空中能够加油，“空军一号”不会受到飞行范围的限制。unlimited“无限制的”；unexpected“出乎意料的”；unmanned“无人驾驶的”；unauthorized“未经授权的”。

　　答案：A

　　8．A.survive

　　B．escape

　　C．enjoy

　　D．experience

　　解析：在机舱里面，总统和他的随从人员享受三个等级的4 000平方英尺的底层空间。enjoy“享受，享有”；survive“幸存”；escape“逃避”；experience“经历”。

　　答案：C

　　9．A.in

　　B．on

　　C．among

　　D．under

　　解析：on three levels“有三个等级”，为常用搭配。

　　答案：B

　　10．A.Because

　　B．Before

　　C．Unless D．So

　　解析：根据上下文可知，此处表原因，意思是：因为“空军一号”运送的是总统，而且有的行程比较长……before表时间；unless表条件；so表结果。

　　答案：A

　　11．A.meanings

　　B．services

　　C．choices

　　D．features

　　解析：因为“空军一号”运送的是总统，而且某些旅程比较长，所以这种飞机具有很多商务飞机没有的特点。feature指“特征，特点”。

　　答案：D

　　12．A.hidden

　　B．earned

　　C．stored

　　D．saved

　　解析：冰柜里储存着大量的食物。store“储存”；hide“隐藏”；earn“赚得”；save“节省”。

　　答案：C

　　13．A.protect

　　B．keep

　　C．feed

　　D．treat

　　解析：这两个厨房可以同时供100人就餐。feed指“喂养，供应，满足”。B项有较大干扰性，keep表示“饲养”，多指饲养家畜、家禽，因此不合题意。

　　答案：C

　　14．A.much

　　B．many

　　C．little

　　D．few

　　解析：存储室里的食物够做多达2,000顿饭。根据后面的名词meals可知，此处应用many。

　　答案：B

　　15．A.ward

　　B．treatment

　　C．facility

　　D．association

　　解析：根据下文内容可知，这架飞机的医疗设施有很高的技术含量。下文的equipment也有提示。

　　答案：C

　　16．A.just

　　B．only

　　C．still

　　D．even

　　解析：医疗间有个宽敞的配药室，大量的急诊设备，甚至还有一个手术台。even“甚至”，在这里起加强语气的作用。

　　答案：D

　　17．A.wherever

　　B．whenever

　　C．however

　　D．whatever

　　解析：飞机上配备了医生，无论总统到哪里，他都跟着。此处有“无论哪里”之意。

　　答案：A

　　18．A.shut

　　B．strengthened

　　C．opened

　　D．cleaned

　　解析：为防止电磁脉冲攻击，机上的电子设备都特别加强了。strengthen“加强”；shut“关闭”；open“打开”；clean“清扫”。

　　答案：B

　　19．A.approach

　　B．technology

　　C．condition

　　D．equipment

　　解析：根据句中的“is equipped with”可知，“空军一号”安装了先进的安全通信设备。equipment表示“设备，设施”。approach“方法，途径”；technology“技术”；condition“环境，条件”。

　　答案：D

　　20．A.center

　　B．window

　　C．mode

　　D．interpreter

　　解析：根据上文“飞机上安装了先进的安全通信设备”可知，它可以起到指挥中心的作用。command center“指挥中心”；command window“命令视窗”；command mode“命令模式”；command interpreter“命令解译器”。

　　答案：A

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　(2024·厦门质量检测)Alone Together, an amazing description of our changing relationship with technology, is written by Sherry Turkle, an MIT professor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology.

　　In the book's first half, devoted to robots, Turkle gives out toys like the Tamagotchi, Furby, and Zhu Zhu robotic hamster (仓鼠)，then explores children's deep attachments to the creatures and assessments of whether they are alive. Such quasi-pets set the psychological stage for what Turkle is really worried about: robot lovers.

　　One woman even says that if a robot acted like it cared, she'd trade in her boyfriend.

　　The book's second half explores the “network” — instant messages, social networks, confessional websites, and the like — and how it reshapes the self. Fifteen-year-olds send and receive close to 6,000 messages a month.“They communicate all day but are not sure if they have connected.They develop friendships on social networking sites and then wonder if they are among friends.” In texting, a typical question is“Where are you？”， not an open-ended one like “How are you？” Just as robots produce confusion about whether one is alone or with another, Turkle sighs，

　　“We_are_connected_to_each_other,_but_strangely_more_alone.”

　　“What can't be denied (否认) is that technology, with all its faults, makes life a lot easier. It allows us to get in touch with more people in less time;

　　it can make conversation simple — no small talk required. But are any of those feelings equal to the kind we feel when engaged in a real, face-to-face setting? Online, you can ignore others' feelings.

　　In a text message, you can avoid eye contact. A number of studies have found that this generation of teens is becoming unconcerned. That doesn't spell disaster, but it does mean we might want to start thinking about the way we want to live. We've gone through terribly rapid change, and some of these things just need a little sorting out.”Turkle says.

　　This book is not to be missed and worthy of every dollar you spend.

　　语篇解读：科技的发展给人们生活带来了种种便利，但我们又从中失去了什么呢？在作者推荐的这本书中，我们或许能找到些答案。

　　1．In her book, Turkle worries that ________.

　　A．the robotic creatures are not alive

　　B．all women would fall in love with robots

　　C．children are addicted to keeping animal pets

　　D．more people are lost in the world of technology

　　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，Sherry Turkle担心人们迷失在现代科技世界中，故答案选D项。

　　答案：D

　　2．What can be implied from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?

　　A．Internet sets us apart from each other.

　　B．Social network is not the real world.

　　C．Internet brings us closer to each other.

　　D．Messages are used a lot in people's daily life.

　　解析：句意理解题。从第三段的内容可知，虽然互联网把我们联系在一起，但它却隔离着我们，我们都是孤独的个体，故选A。

　　答案：A

　　3. If a child keeps using messages a lot, he or she may ________.

　　A．get engaged in small talks

　　B．care little for others' feelings

　　C．get stuck in many disasters

　　D．well sort out personal relationship

　　解析：细节理解题。从倒数第二段的“In a text message, you can avoid eye contact...is becoming unconcerned.”可知，如果孩子经常用短信交流，则他/她会很少关注他人的感受，答案选B项。

　　答案：B

　　4．The purpose of writing this passage is to ________.

　　A．recommend a good book to readers

　　B．urge people to keep away from technology

　　C．analyze the dangers of keeping robots as lovers

　　D．explore the relationship between human and technology

　　解析：写作意图题。从文章最后一段“This book is not to be missed and worthy of every dollar you spend.”可知，写作本文主要是为了推荐Sherry Turkle写的书，所以A项正确。

　　答案：A

　　Ⅲ.选做题

　　任务型读写

　　Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime. We move from the city to the suburbs (郊区), from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one area to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each move we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life.

　　For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today, millions of Americans go on vacation abroad, and we go not only to see new sights but also — in those places where we don't feel too strange — with the hope of meeting new people. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible. Surely in every country people value friendship.

　　The word “friend” to American people can be applied to

　　a wide range of relationships — to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a close business companion, to a childhood playmate, to a man or a woman, or to a trusted colleague. There are real differences among these relations for Americans — a friendship may be shallow, casual, situational or deep and lasting. But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.

　　As Europeans see it, all kinds of “friends” flow in and out of Americans' homes with little ceremony. They may be parents of the children' s friends, house guests of neighbors, members of a committee, business associates from another town or even another country.

　　Coming as a guest into an American home, the European visitor finds no obvious landmarks. The atmosphere is relaxed.

　　Most people, old and young, are called by first names. Americans' characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel at home.

　　Title American Friendship

　　Chances for

　　Americans to

　　make friends Most Americans(1) ________ from place to place.

　　Many Americans go abroad on vacation for (2)________ or meeting new people.

　　One (3)________ for a vacation is to begin a friendship.

　　Ways

　　for

　　Americans to (4)________ the word “friend” American people use “friend ” (5)________ for different relationships.

　　Americans know the (6)________ among relations clearly while Europeans can't.

　　Europeans' understanding about American (7)________ Friends flow in and out of Americans' homes (8)________．

　　Being a guest in an American home, the European visitor feels (9)________．