雅思阅读:把握重点信息的技巧
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
当段落以细节信息开头时，即首句出现细节性时间、地点、事件等概念时，作者通常是要以细节信息来说明一个问题、观点、或者引出一个判断。所以该段落的重点信息往往会在段落的末尾出现。
在阅读一个段落时，如果发现首句中出现了和文章标题中的概念相比非常细分的时间、地点和事件等词汇时，可以略过细节，直奔尾句寻找该段落的主题。下面以几个例子来说明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下划线的语汇是细节信息的标记词，和文章标题 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很细节化的。段落尾句中的黑体字是该段落的核心，是作者通过一个具体的事件引出的主题。
雅思考题经常围绕重点信息而出。就该段重点信息而出的考题是T/F/NG判断题：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 对应almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
这个例子中的下划线部分和文章标题Adams wine相比较，是一些细节性的地点等概念。而文章最后一句话是针对细节的总结和判断。
所以我们在阅读是可以规避许多细节中的生词和复杂的句子结构，从而节省时间，迅速为该段落匹配到正确的标题：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正确标题是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以从该段中体会一下迅速把握重点信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息经常是一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体上的的归纳和总结。段落中的细节性信息是对概括性原则、规律、判断及陈述的展开和细化，表现为举例、分类、阶段性描述或者举证。所以，概括性信息通常是重点信息。
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
当段落以细节信息开头时，即首句出现细节性时间、地点、事件等概念时，作者通常是要以细节信息来说明一个问题、观点、或者引出一个判断。所以该段落的重点信息往往会在段落的末尾出现。
在阅读一个段落时，如果发现首句中出现了和文章标题中的概念相比非常细分的时间、地点和事件等词汇时，可以略过细节，直奔尾句寻找该段落的主题。下面以几个例子来说明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下划线的语汇是细节信息的标记词，和文章标题 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很细节化的。段落尾句中的黑体字是该段落的核心，是作者通过一个具体的事件引出的主题。
雅思考题经常围绕重点信息而出。就该段重点信息而出的考题是T/F/NG判断题：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 对应almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
这个例子中的下划线部分和文章标题Adams wine相比较，是一些细节性的地点等概念。而文章最后一句话是针对细节的总结和判断。
所以我们在阅读是可以规避许多细节中的生词和复杂的句子结构，从而节省时间，迅速为该段落匹配到正确的标题：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正确标题是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以从该段中体会一下迅速把握重点信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息经常是一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体上的的归纳和总结。段落中的细节性信息是对概括性原则、规律、判断及陈述的展开和细化，表现为举例、分类、阶段性描述或者举证。所以，概括性信息通常是重点信息。
