巧用with复合结构
with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是高考考查的热点。在高三课本第六、第十单元的Reading部分中，出现了下面的句子。
There was an electric bell that did not work，with a card next to it bearing the nameMr.James Dillingham Young.
在这个句子中，with+名词+介词短语构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.
在这个句子中，with+名词+to do构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
1.with复合结构的构成
with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1)With+宾语+介词短语
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2)with+宾语+过去分词
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
3)with+宾语+现在分词
With winter coming on，its time to buy warm clothes.
4)with+宾语+todo
I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.
5)with+宾语+形容词/副词
With John away，weve got more room.
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
2.with复合结构的作用
with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。
1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.
2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.
3)He lay in bed with his head covered.
4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.
5)I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.
注：with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。
1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter)
2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.
练习1：请选择最佳答案
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving B.left
C.leave D.toleave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.to be fixing
D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its door_________to the south.
A.facing
B.faces
C.faced
D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn
B.burnt
C.burning
D.to burn
练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子
1)_____________，I couldnt go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________.
3)The day was bright_____.
4)_________________________，he went to Hollywood.
练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
_____________________________.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
_____________________________.
3)My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday.
_____________________________.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
_____________________________.
答案及分析
答案(练习1)：
1)答案是B。with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
2)答案是B。短语fix ones eyes on
sth是盯着看的意思，所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词。
3)答案是A。face朝、向，是不及物动词，所以和itsdoor是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。4)答案是C。burn点燃、发亮、发光，是不及物动词，所以和theirlights是主动关系，所以用现在分词。
答案：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案：
1)With our lessons over ，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.
4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是高考考查的热点。在高三课本第六、第十单元的Reading部分中，出现了下面的句子。
There was an electric bell that did not work，with a card next to it bearing the nameMr.James Dillingham Young.
在这个句子中，with+名词+介词短语构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.
在这个句子中，with+名词+to do构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
1.with复合结构的构成
with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1)With+宾语+介词短语
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2)with+宾语+过去分词
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
3)with+宾语+现在分词
With winter coming on，its time to buy warm clothes.
4)with+宾语+todo
I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.
5)with+宾语+形容词/副词
With John away，weve got more room.
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
2.with复合结构的作用
with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。
1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.
2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.
3)He lay in bed with his head covered.
4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.
5)I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.
注：with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。
1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter)
2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.
练习1：请选择最佳答案
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving B.left
C.leave D.toleave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.to be fixing
D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its door_________to the south.
A.facing
B.faces
C.faced
D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn
B.burnt
C.burning
D.to burn
练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子
1)_____________，I couldnt go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________.
3)The day was bright_____.
4)_________________________，he went to Hollywood.
练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
_____________________________.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
_____________________________.
3)My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday.
_____________________________.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
_____________________________.
答案及分析
答案(练习1)：
1)答案是B。with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
2)答案是B。短语fix ones eyes on
sth是盯着看的意思，所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词。
3)答案是A。face朝、向，是不及物动词，所以和itsdoor是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。4)答案是C。burn点燃、发亮、发光，是不及物动词，所以和theirlights是主动关系，所以用现在分词。
答案：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案：
1)With our lessons over ，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.
4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
