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否定转移在英语中的应用

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否定转移在英语中的应用

  有这样一个句子I dont think he is a good doctor.大家对这个句子有不同的翻译:

  1. 我不认为他是个好医生。2. 我认为他不是个好医生。哪个正确呢?2是正确的。那么1的错误在哪儿呢?这就是否定转移在作怪。这一语法现象在英语中特别常见,它是将语义上属于从句(一般为that clause)的否定词转移到主句中去。允许否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分为两类:

  一、表示看法的动词:be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think等。如:

  1. I ____ I_____ you before.

  A. think; havent seen

  B. didnt think; have seen

  C. didnt think; didnt see

  D. thought; not see

  2. She _____ that we ____ anything.

  A. didnt imagine;would say

  B. dont imagine; say

  C. doesnt imagine; would say

  D. would imagine; would say(Keys: 1. B 2. A)

  二、表示感觉的动词:appear, seem, look like, feel as if, look as if, sound as if等。如:

  1. The baby ____ appear to be awake.

  A. dont  B. didnt

  C. doesnt D. could

  2. It ______(看起来) like ______(天不会)going to rain.

 ?。↘eys: 1. C 2. doesnt look;its)

  在以下特殊情况中,即使有允许否定转移的动词,也不能将其否定转移到主句中。

  1. I think是插入语,可看作与其他部分无关时。如:

  I wish you were here, then, I think, I should not feel like this.

  2. 主句中有情态动词cant, mustnt, wouldnt等时。如:

  I cant believe that they are married.

  You mustnt think hes stupid.

  3.由于cannot help doing, ought not, need not, not at all等短语的关系而把I think隔离时。如:

  I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.

  I think the angel is not at all in heaven. Redmond said.

  4.由于受not justbut, just notenough, not much, not quite等以not为核心的副词短语的影响,也不便把其否定转移到主句中。如:

  I think Im just not smart enough to make any sense out of for you.

  But I think that Elizabeth was not quite so certain of it as I.

  5. 句中含有no, never, nothing, nobody等否定词时。如:

  I should think you never have seen many.

  I thought it explained nothing.

  

  有这样一个句子I dont think he is a good doctor.大家对这个句子有不同的翻译:

  1. 我不认为他是个好医生。2. 我认为他不是个好医生。哪个正确呢?2是正确的。那么1的错误在哪儿呢?这就是否定转移在作怪。这一语法现象在英语中特别常见,它是将语义上属于从句(一般为that clause)的否定词转移到主句中去。允许否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分为两类:

  一、表示看法的动词:be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think等。如:

  1. I ____ I_____ you before.

  A. think; havent seen

  B. didnt think; have seen

  C. didnt think; didnt see

  D. thought; not see

  2. She _____ that we ____ anything.

  A. didnt imagine;would say

  B. dont imagine; say

  C. doesnt imagine; would say

  D. would imagine; would say(Keys: 1. B 2. A)

  二、表示感觉的动词:appear, seem, look like, feel as if, look as if, sound as if等。如:

  1. The baby ____ appear to be awake.

  A. dont  B. didnt

  C. doesnt D. could

  2. It ______(看起来) like ______(天不会)going to rain.

 ?。↘eys: 1. C 2. doesnt look;its)

  在以下特殊情况中,即使有允许否定转移的动词,也不能将其否定转移到主句中。

  1. I think是插入语,可看作与其他部分无关时。如:

  I wish you were here, then, I think, I should not feel like this.

  2. 主句中有情态动词cant, mustnt, wouldnt等时。如:

  I cant believe that they are married.

  You mustnt think hes stupid.

  3.由于cannot help doing, ought not, need not, not at all等短语的关系而把I think隔离时。如:

  I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.

  I think the angel is not at all in heaven. Redmond said.

  4.由于受not justbut, just notenough, not much, not quite等以not为核心的副词短语的影响,也不便把其否定转移到主句中。如:

  I think Im just not smart enough to make any sense out of for you.

  But I think that Elizabeth was not quite so certain of it as I.

  5. 句中含有no, never, nothing, nobody等否定词时。如:

  I should think you never have seen many.

  I thought it explained nothing.

  

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