语法练习：直接与间接引语

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语法练习：直接与间接引语

　　Part I：单词与短语

　　a dinner party晚宴；hostess n.女主人；sit next to sb.挨着某人坐；unsmiling adj.不苟言笑的；tight adj.紧身的；take ones seat （动词短语）就座；fix on sth. （动词结构）集中在上；plate n.盘子；in a short time一会儿功夫；busy doing忙于做某事；make conversation with sb 与某人交谈；in despair 绝望中，绝望之下

　　Part II：语法学习

　　1.直接引语与间接引语的相互转换示例

　　示例1：I said to her, A new play is coming to the Globe soon.

　　　　　I said to her that a new play was coming to the Globe soon.

　　示例2：I asked her, Will you be seeing it?

　　　　　I asked her whether she would be seeing it.

　　示例3：Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year? I asked her.

　　　　　I asked her if she would be spending her holidays abroad that year.

　　示例4：Will you be staying in England? I asked her.

　　　　　I asked her if she would be staying in England.

　　示例5：In despair, I asked her, Are you enjoying your dinner?

　　　　　In despair, I asked her if she was enjoying her dinner.

　　示例6：Young man, she answered, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.

　　　　　She answered that if I had eaten more and talked less, we would have both enjoyed our dinner.

　　2.虚拟语气

　　承接刚刚讲过的内容：虚拟语气的本质就是说废话。这里，我们开始探讨说废话的几种情况：

　　第一，在表示虚拟的条件句中对现在事实说废话，此时，主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

　　示例：If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new car.（实际情况呢，没钱！）

　　第二，在表示虚拟的条件句中对过去事实说废话，此时，主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

　　示例：If you had told me the truth earlier, I would not have acted like that.（实际情况呢，你没告诉我，而我呢，也就那样做了！）

　　第三，在表示虚拟的条件句中对将来事实说废话，此时，主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

　　示例：If I were to die tomorrow, I would not sleep tonight.（实际情况呢？身体棒着呢！明天不可能死，今晚呢，也就会照常呼呼大睡！）

　　Part III：综合训练

　　Last week （1） a dinner party, the hostess asked me （2） sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold. She was a big, （3 unsmile） lady （4） a tight black dress. She did not even look （5）（6） I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were （7 fix）（8） her plate （9） in a short time, she was busy （10 eat）. I tried to make a conversation. A new play is coming to the Globe. Will you （11） seeing it?No, she answered. Will you （12） spending your holidays abroad this year? I asked. No, she answered. Will you （13） staying in England （14） Christmas? I asked. No, she answered. （15） despair, I asked her （16） she was enjoying her dinner （17） she answered Young man, （18） you （19 eat） more （20）（21 talk） less, we （22） both enjoy our dinner.

　　答案：

　　（1） at; （2） to; （3） unsmiling; （4） in; （5） up;

　　（6） when; （7） fixed; （8） on; （9） and; （10） eating;

　　（11） be; （12） be; （13） be; （14） for; （15） In;

　　（16） whether//if; （17） and; （18） if; （19） ate; （20） and;

　　（21） talked; （22） would

　　Part IV：句子翻译

　　1. 上周在一次晚宴上，女主人让我坐在一位Rumbold夫人旁边。

　　2. 这位夫人是个大块头、不苟言笑的人，身穿一件黑色紧身衣。

　　3. 我在她身旁就座时她连头都没抬一下。

　　4. 她两眼紧盯着盘子，一会儿功夫，她就忙着吃上了。

　　5. 我试着跟她攀谈。

　　6. 一部新剧就要在环球剧院演出了，你准备去看吗？

　　7. 你今年准备去国外度假吗？

　　8. 绝望中，我问她是否吃得尽兴，她回答说：年青人，如果你多吃饭少讲话，我们两人就都会吃得尽兴了。

　　答案：

　　1. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold.

　　2. She was a big, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

　　3. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.

　　4. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.

　　5. I tried to make a conversation.

　　6. A new play is coming to the Globe, and will you be seeing it?

　　7. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?

　　8. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner and she answered Young man, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.