China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival

　　China is to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system 51 a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System, operated by the US military. China will provide 230m Euros in 52 and will cooperate with technical, manufacturing and market development. China will help Galileo to 53 the major world infrastructure for the growing market for location services, said Loyola de Palacio, EU transport commissioner. A new center that will coordinate co-operation was also announced 54 the European Commission, the European Space Agency and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology not long 55 The China-Europe Global Navigation Satellite System Technical Training and Cooperation Center will be 56 at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help launch the Galileo satellites.

　　The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere 57 the US ability to downgrade the GPS service during military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded and counter that US opposition 58 the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be precise to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters.

　　The Galileo satellite constellation will 59 27 operational and three reserve satellites orbiting the Earth at an altitude of 23,600km. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination to the equator and will provide global coverage. The system should be operational by 2008 and the entire project is expected to 60 around 3.2 billion Euros .

　　The European Commission has said Galileo will primarily be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring.

　　Galileo will provide two signals: a standard civilian one and in encrypted, wide-band signal 61 the Public Regulated Service . This second signal is designed to withstand localized jamming and will be used by police and military services in Europe. European Commission 62 have said China will not be given access to the PRS.

　　The first Galileo satellite is scheduled to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board 63 will be synchronized through 20 ground sensors stations, two command centers and 15 uplink stations.

　　Receivers on the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their 64 A search and rescue function will also 65 distress signals be relayed through the constellation of satellites.

　　51

　　A　offer

　　B　offered

　　C　will offer

　　D　has offered

　　52

　　A　funding

　　B　providing

　　C　paying

　　D　charging

　　53

　　A　build

　　B　use

　　C　become

　　D　do

　　54

　　A　in

　　B　at

　　C　on

　　D　by

　　55

　　A　before

　　B　ago

　　C　after

　　D　later

　　56

　　A　found

　　B　produced

　　C　positioned

　　D　located

　　57

　　A　with

　　B　for

　　C　about

　　D　above

　　58

　　A　results in

　　B　gives rise to

　　C　is due to

　　D　causes

　　59

　　A　be made from

　　B　consist of

　　C　consist in

　　D　be consisted of

　　60

　　A　spend

　　B　gain

　　C　give

　　D　cost

　　61

　　A　offered

　　B　called

　　C　used

　　D　turned

　　62

　　A　officials

　　B　countries

　　C　organization

　　D　agreement

　　63

　　A　satellite

　　B　the satellite

　　C　the satellites

　　D　satellites

　　64

　　A　speed

　　B　direction

　　C　distance

　　D　location

　　65

　　A　send

　　B　let

　　C　allow

　　D　transmit

　　China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival

　　China is to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system 51 a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System, operated by the US military. China will provide 230m Euros in 52 and will cooperate with technical, manufacturing and market development. China will help Galileo to 53 the major world infrastructure for the growing market for location services, said Loyola de Palacio, EU transport commissioner. A new center that will coordinate co-operation was also announced 54 the European Commission, the European Space Agency and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology not long 55 The China-Europe Global Navigation Satellite System Technical Training and Cooperation Center will be 56 at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help launch the Galileo satellites.

　　The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere 57 the US ability to downgrade the GPS service during military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded and counter that US opposition 58 the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be precise to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters.

　　The Galileo satellite constellation will 59 27 operational and three reserve satellites orbiting the Earth at an altitude of 23,600km. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination to the equator and will provide global coverage. The system should be operational by 2008 and the entire project is expected to 60 around 3.2 billion Euros .

　　The European Commission has said Galileo will primarily be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring.

　　Galileo will provide two signals: a standard civilian one and in encrypted, wide-band signal 61 the Public Regulated Service . This second signal is designed to withstand localized jamming and will be used by police and military services in Europe. European Commission 62 have said China will not be given access to the PRS.

　　The first Galileo satellite is scheduled to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board 63 will be synchronized through 20 ground sensors stations, two command centers and 15 uplink stations.

　　Receivers on the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their 64 A search and rescue function will also 65 distress signals be relayed through the constellation of satellites.

　　51

　　A　offer

　　B　offered

　　C　will offer

　　D　has offered

　　52

　　A　funding

　　B　providing

　　C　paying

　　D　charging

　　53

　　A　build

　　B　use

　　C　become

　　D　do

　　54

　　A　in

　　B　at

　　C　on

　　D　by

　　55

　　A　before

　　B　ago

　　C　after

　　D　later

　　56

　　A　found

　　B　produced

　　C　positioned

　　D　located

　　57

　　A　with

　　B　for

　　C　about

　　D　above

　　58

　　A　results in

　　B　gives rise to

　　C　is due to

　　D　causes

　　59

　　A　be made from

　　B　consist of

　　C　consist in

　　D　be consisted of

　　60

　　A　spend

　　B　gain

　　C　give

　　D　cost

　　61

　　A　offered

　　B　called

　　C　used

　　D　turned

　　62

　　A　officials

　　B　countries

　　C　organization

　　D　agreement

　　63

　　A　satellite

　　B　the satellite

　　C　the satellites

　　D　satellites

　　64

　　A　speed

　　B　direction

　　C　distance

　　D　location

　　65

　　A　send

　　B　let

　　C　allow

　　D　transmit