Module 5

　　Unit 15　Learning

　　1．suspect v．怀疑，疑有，察觉，猜想；料想

　　【精讲拓展】

　　suspect sth.

　　suspect sb. of doing.../to be/that...

　　【典型例句】

　　The tiger suspected danger and ran away.

　　老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。

　　I have no reason to suspect her honesty/loyalty.

　　我没有理由怀疑她的诚实/忠诚。[剑桥高阶]

　　The police suspected that Bill did it.

　　The police suspected Bill of doing it.

　　警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。

　　I suspect they’ll come.

　　我想他们会来的。

　　【词语辨析】

　　doubt/suspect/distrust

　　这些动词均含“怀疑”之意。

　　doubt普通用词，多指因证据不足或仅凭证据还不能肯定而产生怀疑，多含否定意味。I doubt when/whether/what...；I don’t doubt that；There is a (no) doubt...

　　suspect指猜疑、疑心，肯定意味较多。

　　distrust指疑惑、猜疑，不信任。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　①I rather ________ ________ ________ for offering to help.我怀疑他主动帮忙的动机。

　　②I have lost some money and I ________ my partner ________

　　taking my money

　　＝I ________ my partner ________ ________ the thief.

　　2．instruct v．指示，命令，吩咐，教授；训练；指导，通

　　知，告知

　　【精讲拓展】

　　instruct sb. in sth.

　　　instruct sb. to do sth.

　　　instruct sb. that...

　　注意：teach sb. sth.

　　suspected

　　his

　　motives

　　suspected

　　of

　　suspected

　　to

　　be

　　【典型例句】

　　He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.

　　他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。

　　The police have been instructed to patrol the building and surrounding area.

　　警察奉命在这幢大楼里及周围地区巡逻。[剑桥高阶]

　　My agent has instructed me that you still owe me $150.

　　我的代理人告诉我你还欠我一百五十美元。

　　The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance.

　　这门课教授汽车维修方面的基本知识。[剑桥高阶]

　　即学即用

　　③The sales manager asked his men to ________ him of everything concerning the sales in time.

　　A．inform

　　B．instruct

　　C．intend

　　D．imply

　　解析：instruct意为“通知”。

　　答案：B

　　④Can you ________ me to the library，please?

　　A．instruct

　　B．describe

　　C．direct

　　D．appoint

　　解析：instruct意为“告知，指示”。

　　答案：A

　　【精讲拓展】

　　lack sth.

　　for lack of

　　be lacking(adj.) in

　　【典型例句】

　　He just lacks a little confidence.

　　他只是有点缺乏自信。[剑桥高阶]

　　We are lacking three members of staff due to illness.

　　我们有3人因病缺席。[剑桥高阶]

　　Water is a lack of this region.这个地区缺水。

　　The flowers died for lack of water.这些花因缺水枯死了。

　　Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.

　　尽管缺少钱，他父母还是设法把他送到了大学。

　　即学即用

　　⑤The couple died because of ________ oxygen when bathing.

　　A．lack

　　B．a lack

　　C．a lack of

　　D．a lack for

　　解析：句意：那对夫妇死于洗澡时缺氧。a lack of缺少。为固定搭配。

　　答案：C

　　⑥—He says that my new car is a ________ of money.

　　—Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes？

　　(2009·山东，29)

　　A．lack

　　B．load

　　C．question

　　D．waste

　　解析：句意：——他说我的新车是浪费钱。——难道你不认为这是吃不到葡萄就说葡萄酸么？a waste of固定搭配，意为浪费。

　　答案：D

　　4．access n．接近，进入；接近的机会，进入的权利；使用；通道，入口，门路

　　【精讲拓展】

　　have access to

　　gain/get access to

　　　be accessible to...

　　【典型例句】

　　Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.

　　只有少数几个人能看到有关该案的全部事实材料。

　　The only access to the village is by boat.到那个村子去的唯一方法是乘船。[剑桥高阶]

　　Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to hildren.

　　药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。

　　即学即用

　　⑦Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ________ to the kids.

　　(2009·江西，32)

　　A．accessible

　　B．relative

　　C．acceptable

　　D．sensitive

　　解析：费兰克把药放到一个顶部的抽屉里以确保孩子们够不到。accessible “易接近的，易到手的”符合题意。

　　答案：A

　　5．worthwhile adj.值得做某事

　　【精讲拓展】

　　worthy adj.“值得……”

　　worth adj.“……值得……”

　　worth在句中只能做表语，worthy，worthwhile既可作表语也可以作定语。

　　be worth＋n.

　　be (well)worth doing sth.

　　be worthy of＋n.

　　be worthy to be done/of being done某事值得被做

　　It is worthwhile doing sth.

　　It is worthwhile to do sth.

　　【典型例句】

　　The question is not worth discussing again and again.

　　The question is not worthy to be discussed/of being discussed again and again.

　　It is not worthwhile to discuss/discussing the question again and again.

　　这个问题不值得一次又一次的讨论。

　　She considers teaching a worthwhile career.她把教书看成是一项值得从事的事业。[剑桥高阶]

　　即学即用

　　⑧The plan is ________ carefully studied.

　　A．worth to be

　　B．worth being

　　C．worthy to be

　　D．worthy being

　　解析：本题考查be worthy to be done。

　　答案：C

　　⑨It is ________ to read the book.

　　A．worthwhile

　　B．worthy

　　C．worth of

　　D．worthy of

　　解析：本题考查It is worthwhile to do...。

　　答案：A

　　⑩—How do you like the film?

　　—Oh，wonderful.It is ________ worth ________.

　　A．very；seeing

　　B．well；seeing

　　C．very；to be seen

　　D．well；being seen

　　解析：本题考查be well worth doing...。

　　答案：B

　　6．urge v．催促；力劝；激励；怂恿，极力主张；强烈要求

　　搭配：urge sb. to do sth.

　　urge that sb. should do sth.

　　It is urged that sb. should do sth.

　　urge sth.on sb.

　　【精讲拓展】

　　ask 要求；advise 建议；arrange 安排；beg 请求；command 命令；decide 决定；demand 要求；desire 渴望；insist 坚持；intend 打算；propose 提议；object 反对；order 命令；require 需要；request 要求；recommend 推荐；suggest 建议；urge 强调，促进，力劝等词后加从句时需要用should do形式。

　　【典型例句】

　　The coach urged us to stay in shape over summer vacation.

　　教练敦促我们在暑假保持良好的身体状态。[美国传统]

　　He urged all concerned to take an active part in the work.他要求有关的人都积极参加这项工作。

　　My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job.

　　朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。

　　Our boss urged on us the significance of punctuality.

　　老板向我们强调守时的重要性。

　　?They urged that the Science Museum ________ open during the vacation.

　　A．was kept

　　B．were kept

　　C．be kept

　　D．will be kept

　　解析：urge后接从句，谓语动词应用should do...。

　　答案：C

　　?The doctor recommended that you ________ swim after eating a large meal.

　　(2009·浙江，13)

　　A．wouldn’t

　　B．couldn’t

　　C．needn’t

　　D．shouldn’t

　　解析：句意：医生建议你不要在吃饱后去游泳。recommend后加从句谓语动词用should do。

　　答案：D

　　7．inspire v．鼓舞，激励，驱使，赋予……灵感，给……以启示，激起，唤起(感情，思想等)

　　【精讲拓展】

　　inspire sb. to do sth./to sth.

　　inspire sb. with sth./sth.in sb.

　　inspired；inspiring adj.

　　【典型例句】

　　The violinist’s performance inspired the entire audience.

　　小提琴家的演奏感动了全场观众。[美国传统]

　　The discovery inspired us to look for fossils.

　　这个发现激励我们去寻找化石。[美国传统]

　　The beautiful scenery inspired the composer.

　　美丽的景色使作曲家灵思泉涌。

　　His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me/inspired me with confidence.

　　他的一番鼓励激起了我的信心。

　　即学即用

　　?The lecture was so ________ that they were all _____.

　　A．inspiring；exciting

　　B．inspiring；excited

　　C．inspired；exciting

　　D．inspired；excited

　　解析：句意：演讲如此的令人鼓舞以致我们都很兴奋。

　　答案：B

　　8．beneficial adj.受益的，有益的

　　benefit vt.对……有益，有益于；vi.得益，受惠(from)；n.利益，好处；优势[U][C]

　　【精讲拓展】

　　be beneficial to...

　　benefit sb.

　　benefit from...

　　for the benefit of...

　　【典型例句】

　　Fresh air is beneficial to our health.新鲜空气有益于健康。

　　The sea air will benefit you.海边的空气对你有益。

　　We benefited greatly from this frank talk.

　　这次坦率的谈话使我们获益匪浅。

　　The lecture was of great benefit to the students.

　　这次讲座对学生很有帮助。[美国传统]

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　?The teacher repeated part of his previous lecture ____

　　____ _______

　　____

　　_______

　　for

　　the

　　benefit

　　of

　　those

　　(为了……的利益) who had been absent.

　　?The dictionary will be of ______

　　______.

　　(对……有很大好处)to me.

　　9．appreciation n．赏识，鉴赏，感激

　　appreciate v．欣赏，赏识，感谢，感激

　　【精讲拓展】

　　in appreciation of

　　appreciate doing sth.

　　【典型例句】

　　Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.多蒙鼎立协助，不胜感激，备些薄礼，敬请笑纳。

　　Your appreciation of her hard work has meant a lot to her.

　　你对她努力工作的认可对她来说非常重要。[美国传统]

　　great

　　benefit

　　Her talent for music was not appreciated.

　　她的音乐才能无人赏识。

　　They deeply appreciated his kindness.

　　他们对他的好意深表感谢。

　　We shall appreciate hearing from you again.

　　能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。

　　注意：其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”。

　　I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.

　　如果你能帮助我做这事，我将十分感激。

　　即学即用

　　?I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this

　　nice island.

　　(上海高考)

　　A．to have had time

　　B．having time

　　C．to have time

　　D．to having time

　　解析：句意：我十分感激和你在岛上放松。感激做某事

　　appreciate doing...。

　　答案：B

　　?I’d appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me

　　how to use the computer.

　　A．that

　　B．It

　　C．This

　　D．you

　　解析：it用来泛指某事，可用于如 I like it，I appreciate

　　it，I hate it等类似句型，故选B。

　　答案：B

　　1．lay off 解雇；停止工作

　　【精讲拓展】

　　lay the table(饭前)摆好餐具

　　lay sth.aside放在一边，储存

　　lay down放下，使躺下，交出，献出；规定，制定

　　lay up储藏，贮存；使卧床休息

　　lay out安排，布置

　　lay down one’s arms 放下武器

　　lay down one’s life for 为……献出生命

　　熟记

　　lay—laid—laid—laying 放置，产卵

　　lie—lay—lain—lying 躺；位于

　　lie—lied—lied—lying 撒谎

　　【典型例句】

　　She was laid off along with many others when the

　　company moved to California.

　　当公司迁往加利完成句子

　　?The factory ________ ________ ________

　　________(解雇了许多工人)because of economic crisis.

　　?You’d better ________ ________ ________

　　(存一些钱)in case.

　　Her boss laid her off a month ago.

　　1个月前老板把她解雇了。[美国传统]

　　laid